Hey selfhosters.

I have a question about starting self hosting; I have run Jellyfin on an old MacBook for a bit and wanna dip more than a toe into the self host pool. Are there any guides out there you’d recommend for actual, complete beginners who knows nothing but wants to learn?

I’ve searched a lot but it feels like they’re pretty advanced for beginners. Is it just a really sharp learning curve to this, or am I not finding the good ones?

Edit: To clarify what level I’m really, truly at: I run the Jellyfin server on regular macOS and have an external 5TB drive connected via usb. That’s it.

  • slazer2au@lemmy.world
    link
    fedilink
    English
    arrow-up
    8
    ·
    edit-2
    19 days ago

    For an absolute beginner I would recommend Linux tutorials first so you can navigate the Linux cli.
    After that watch some docker tutorials as a significant chunk of self hosting is done with docker or a kube variant but you won’t need to lean about kube yet.

    LearnLinuxTV on YouTube has some great playlists for that.

    • Yesbutnotreally@lemmy.worldOP
      link
      fedilink
      English
      arrow-up
      2
      ·
      19 days ago

      Linux clearly is the way to go, I’ve seen. I’ve been in the Mac environment for the past 20 years so I think the very first thing to do is to install Linux on a VM. Question to that; I’ve seen Debian being mentioned a lot, is this “the best” to start with?

      • slazer2au@lemmy.world
        link
        fedilink
        English
        arrow-up
        2
        ·
        19 days ago

        Debian is good to start with as one of its key tenants is stability. Which is what you want in any environment.

        A lot of popular distros like Ubuntu and Mint are based on it.

        • Yesbutnotreally@lemmy.worldOP
          link
          fedilink
          English
          arrow-up
          1
          ·
          19 days ago

          Yeah, okay, that makes a lot of sense. I asked in another comment as well. I read about “headless” servers, which from what I understood means no GUI. Would you recommend that, or use a GUI first and then move to headless when the actual server is in place?

          • Zos_Kia@jlai.lu
            link
            fedilink
            English
            arrow-up
            3
            ·
            19 days ago

            I feel GUIs complicate everything. You need graphics drivers and a display server and a compositor and a window manager etc… it’s a pain and in the end you still have to open a console to type in commands for your actual self hosting. Not worth the effort in my opinion, and it’s better to bite the bullet and get used to the terminal and ssh early.

            I recommend using something like tmux or screen, so you still have basic comforts like tabs and multi task. Once you get used to it you can configure it and add themes and plugins if you like. A modern tmux setup really feels like a desktop except everything is faster and it barely consumes any resources.

          • poweruser@lemmy.sdf.org
            link
            fedilink
            English
            arrow-up
            1
            ·
            19 days ago

            I second the Debian recommendation, with one caveat: if ever you need to install software that is not maintained by Debian (I.e. it is installed using a command like make install instead of apt install) then you could run into significant problems.

            Debian uses a system (called APT) to manage the logistics of all your apps and libraries. This is wonderful until you add a program using a different method that APT doesn’t know about. In that case you can “end up in dependency hell” where your system can no longer update or install new packages.

            Advanced users can work around this limitation to install things safely, but for a user just starting out I suggest to only ever install packages that exist in the Debian repositories (that is, can be installed with APT or one of its various frontends). This can mean the programs are a little outdated or not available.

            Debian has a document that explains this in greater detail, which I suggest every Debian user reads: Don’t Break Debian

  • terabyterex@lemmy.world
    link
    fedilink
    English
    arrow-up
    5
    ·
    19 days ago

    The true plug-and-play user friendly way is to buy a NAS device and install all apps there.

    i think this space will actually get bigger because of everything going on. these nas devices will ve the way to go for your average user.

    ------- what i did, if you are curious ------

    i have everything running on proxmox. mostly as lxcs. there are proxmox helper scripts so it installs nice. i use proxmox for a lot of services so ut all wotks. also, for hardware rendering , intel cpus work better because of intel qsv.

    i bought a ugreen nas device. bought an nvme. installed truenas on the nvme, because i like it and its open source. tge ugreen device has a built in boot drive with ugreen os which you can not download so i did not want to overwrite it.


    now i have 27 years professionally as a software dev, so i had a foundation to learn this stuff. i want to give a heads up if you use an llm for learning. always ask it to explain and question things. look up any new terms. because of my experience, i understood most of the answers it gave and questioned when i didnt. i remember one time it said to do one thing (i dont remember) and i asked for more info. when i understood i knew it was missing something. i said “but i have x, y, and z” which in alm fairness i never mentioned and it did change the answer. my long-windwd point? dont run anything, unless you fully understand why. this advice goes for anyone not just using ai. people will be wrong too. know what you are doing

    • Yesbutnotreally@lemmy.worldOP
      link
      fedilink
      English
      arrow-up
      1
      ·
      19 days ago

      So, in a scenario where I’d wanna run a Jellyfin server and potentially an Immich in the future, they could all go on NAS?

      Would this be command line exclusively too?

    • irmadlad@lemmy.world
      link
      fedilink
      English
      arrow-up
      1
      ·
      18 days ago

      this advice goes for anyone not just using ai. people will be wrong too

      Truth. A lot of times I will even pose the same questions to multiple AI. It doesn’t guarantee that all three of them aren’t smoking crack, but you get a better 360 view. It’s akin to back when I worked for the man. I created an excel spreadsheet that helped us when estimating jobs. Say you had 50’ of 10"x20" duct, then a 90, a drop for a grill, necked down to 30’ of 12"x12" duct. At the bottom of the spreadsheet it would spit out numbers and prices. Now, that didn’t necessarily mean that the numbers and the prices were accurate in every way to this specific job. There are a lot of variables to consider. You have to understand the output and whether that is truly applicable to the situation at hand.

  • towerful@programming.dev
    link
    fedilink
    English
    arrow-up
    4
    ·
    19 days ago

    I’d start with learning some networking basics.
    Subnets, default gateways, DNS, routes, VLANs.

    Then get another computer to install proxmox on.
    Learn VMs, SSH, firewalls, basically Linux. Probably VPNs as well.

    Then set up a VM and play with docker & docker-compose.

    And that’s most of the tooling to be able to self host anything. A VM with docker, set up the docker compose of what you want, boom: done.
    Some projects are more of a “full of” kinda thing (like home assistant), which would be its own VM

  • sixty@sh.itjust.works
    link
    fedilink
    English
    arrow-up
    4
    ·
    18 days ago

    For me it’s been about slowly learning, building, and re-building what I have, as I have gotten more knowledgable.

    I started with a Windows laptop running 24/7. Learned about Docker Desktop and ran Jellyfin and the *arr stack on it.

    I had Linux running on my PC, so as I got more comfortable with CLI, I decided to migrate the server and everything on it to Ubuntu Server. Learned to navigate on SSH better, learned more about networking and expanded the server with more services like Nginx Revers Proxy Manager and exposing services online.

    Then I upgraded my hardware and installed Proxmox on the new machine, to better manage that and the old laptop. Slowly getting better at backing up at different levels, heightening security and so on.

    Guides are good, but I find experience and steady knowledge building is a better way to grow and not get overwhelmed or burned out.

  • ohshit604@sh.itjust.works
    link
    fedilink
    English
    arrow-up
    4
    ·
    edit-2
    19 days ago

    If you manage to get Docker Compose installed on that Mac (I don’t know Dockers limitations with Macs) create a docker-compose.yaml file with the contents of;

    services:
    
      jellyfin:
    
        image: jellyfin/jellyfin
    
        container_name: jellyfin
    
        # Optional - specify the uid and gid you would like Jellyfin to use instead of root
    
        user: uid:gid
    
        ports:
    
          - 8096:8096/tcp
    
          - 7359:7359/udp
    
        volumes:
    
          - /path/to/config:/config
    
          - /path/to/cache:/cache
    
          - type: bind
    
            source: /path/to/media
    
            target: /media
    
          - type: bind
    
            source: /path/to/media2
    
            target: /media2
    
            read_only: true
    
          # Optional - extra fonts to be used during transcoding with subtitle burn-in
    
          - type: bind
    
            source: /path/to/fonts
    
            target: /usr/local/share/fonts/custom
    
            read_only: true
    
        restart: 'unless-stopped'
    
        # Optional - alternative address used for autodiscovery
    
        environment:
    
          - JELLYFIN_PublishedServerUrl=http://example.com/
    
        # Optional - may be necessary for docker healthcheck to pass if running in host network mode
    
        extra_hosts:
    
          - 'host.docker.internal:host-gateway'
    

    Edit the volumes so that the drive you want to use is exposed to the container and then run;

    sudo docker compose up -d

    In a shell while in the folder with the docker-compose.yaml file you just created. If everything works then the server should be running on port :8086 open your browser and make an http:// request to the ip of the server followed by the port.

    Example; http://127.0.0.1:8096/

    Documentation.

    Edit: removed unnecessary \

    Edit 2: I really should have read the post more thoroughly, while my example above works fine for a Jellyfin server (which you apparently already run) it also can be adapted for other services. Read and interpret the documentation as best as you can, that goes for any service.

  • talkingpumpkin@lemmy.world
    link
    fedilink
    English
    arrow-up
    3
    ·
    19 days ago

    You’ll need networking basics for anything you do (there are lots of courses on youtube).

    After that, you can just follow wherever you curiosity carries you :)

    • atzanteol@sh.itjust.works
      link
      fedilink
      English
      arrow-up
      2
      ·
      19 days ago

      Underrated comment.

      A “howto” that just gives you scripts and commands to run is pointless. You need to understand the technology, and networking in particular.

    • Yesbutnotreally@lemmy.worldOP
      link
      fedilink
      English
      arrow-up
      1
      ·
      19 days ago

      Linux commands and networking, two things I definitely haven’t done a lot of. Didn’t actually consider networking as I’m “just doing it locally”, but as u/atzanteol@sh.itjust.works said, I don’t just wanna run scripts or commands to get it to work and then have no idea what to do when it breaks.

  • Yesbutnotreally@lemmy.worldOP
    link
    fedilink
    English
    arrow-up
    1
    ·
    19 days ago

    That was a lot of engagement to wake up to, I appreciate you all! Thank you very much!

    For anyone in the same position as me that may find this in the future, clearly the first step is to get acquainted with Linux and learn Linux commands. I feel I may have more to learn than I initially thought, but hey, that’s what free time is for right?